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HMS Speedy - Cochranes Action Against the Gamo by Ivan Berryman On 6 May 1801, HMS Speedy was cruising off the Spanish Coast when a large enemy frigate was sighted, a xebec-rigged vessel named Gamo, commanded by Don Francisco de Torres. Instead of evading the Spanish ship, which was carrying seven times the firepower of the tiny Speedy, Captain Thomas John Cochrane instead brought his ship so close to the Spanish frigate that the Spanish were unable to bring their guns to bear, whilst Speedy was able to fire repeatedly up through the Gamos hull and decks, de Torres being killed in the opening broadside. After repelling boarders, Cochrane despatched his entire crew, bar the ships doctor, to seize the Gamo and take her as a prize, tearing down the Spanish colours to convince her crew that she had struck and fallen to their tiny British opponent. |
HMS Euryalus - Shadowing the Fleet by Ivan Berryman. Launched at Bucklers Hard in Hampshire in 1803, the frigate HMS Euryalus is probably best known for the small part she played at Trafalgar. She was one of four British frigates sent to observe the combined French and Spanish fleets as they left Cadiz for what would become the Battle of Trafalgar. Having shadowed the enemy through the night, Euryalus sped ahead to warn the British fleet, commanded by Admiral Lord Nelson. Too small to play a significant part in the battle itself, Euryalus stood off until the afternoon when she took the badly damaged Royal Sovereign in tow, Admiral Cuthbert Collingwood transferring his flag to the little frigate following the death of Nelson. By 1825, her career as a fighting ship was over and she was decommissioned to become a prison ship until the mid 1840s when she became a coal hulk. She soldiered on in number of other menial roles until 1860 when she was finally broken up. |
Becalmed - HMS Victory in the Doldrums by Ivan Berryman. Two of Admiral Horatio Nelson's ships lie becalmed together, bathed in the soft glow of the setting sun. The 74-gun HMS Captain basks ahead of the mighty HMS Victory, the ship that would ultimately lead the British fleet into battle against the combined might of the Spanish and French fleets at Trafalgar in 1805. |
Scourge of the Deep - Leonardo da Vinci by Ivan Berryman. Under the command of Gianfranco Gazzana-Priaroggia, the Regia Marina submarine Leonardo da Vinci was to become the most successful non-German submarine of World War Two. On 21st April 1943, she encountered the liberty ship SS John Drayton which was returning, unladen, to Capetown from Bahrain and put two torpedoes into her before surfacing to finish her off with shells. The deadly reign of terror wrought by the combination of Gazzana-Priaroggia and his submarine came to an end just one month later when the Leonardo da Vinci was sunk by HMS Active and HMS Ness off Cape Finistere. |
HMS Thrasher by Ivan Berryman. A T-Class submarine of the Royal Navy launched in 1940 and commissioned in May 1941, HMS Thrasher famously survived an attack by aircraft in 1942, her crew gaining two Victoria Crosses in the process. Immediately after attacking a supply vessel on 16th February, HMS Thrasher was bombed from the air but escaped unscathed. After resurfacing, two unexploded bombs were discovered within the casing of the submarine. The first was easily removed but the second took a contorted effort in confined spaces - an hour-long combined effort by Lt Roberts and PO Gould literally manhandled the lethal ordnance safely over the side. For actions that likely save the submarine, they were both awarded the Victoria Cross. |
Battleship Row by Stan Stokes. Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto attended Harvard University where he gained a good understanding of American culture and developed an avid interest in the game of poker. Yamamoto played his cards when he outlined a plan to attack Pearl Harbor in January 1941. In April the Japanese organized a First Air Fleet with Vice Admiral Nagumo as its Commander in Chief. Commander Minoru Genda was appointed air staff officer, and because Nagumo was unfamiliar with air tactics, Genda was given responsibility for planning the attack on Pearl Harbor. Cdr. Genda immediately began perfecting the Pearl Harbor plan, and few details were overlooked. The Imperial Navys First Air Fleet consisted of six carriers. The Akagi, flagship of the strike force, was a converted cruiser which carried 63 aircraft. The Kaga also carried 63 aircraft, and was a converted battleship. The Soryu was the first carrier built from the ground up and was similar to the Hiryu. Each carrier had a compliment of 54 aircraft. With two additional carriers, the Zuikaku and the Shokaku, the fleet had a total of 378 aircraft. Three different types of aircraft were utilized for the attack. Mitsubishi A6M2 Zeros, a highly maneuverable single seat fighter, was responsible for obtaining air control and for strafing aircraft and ground installations. Aichi D3A1 Vals, with two-man crews, were utilized for dive bombing. Nakajima B5N2 Kates were responsible for horizontal bombing and torpedo bombing. The Kate carried a crew of three and had a cruising speed of only 160 MPH. During the first wave of the attack 183 aircraft were deployed. Torpedo aircraft from the Akagi, the Hiryu, and the Kaga targeted battleship row during this first wave. As portrayed in Stan Stokes life-like painting, a Japanese Kate from the Akagi launches its torpedo from very low altitude. Not far in the distance looms the USS West Virginia and Tennessee, virtual sitting ducks. The Japanese had trained carefully, and had modified their Kai Model 2 torpedoes to accommodate the shallow waters of Pearl Harbor. While caught by surprise, the USN was fortunate that its carriers were not in port, and that the Japanese had failed to destroy many of the support and repair facilities. This stroke of good luck permitted the USN to repair many of the ships damaged in the attack quite quickly. The devastating blow Yamamoto had planned for December 7, 1941 backfired by infuriating American public opinion, and eventually lead to Imperial Japans defeat and unconditional surrender. |
HMS Ark Royal and HMS Sheffield off the Mole, Gibraltar by Ivan Berryman. Having played a vital part in the battle for the Mediterranean for over two years, HMS Ark Royal finally succumbed to a U-Boats torpedo in November 1941. She is shown here with a pair of Swordfish Mk1s of 821 Sqn ranged on the deck, passing the cruiser HMS Sheffield off the Mole, Gibraltar, earlier that same year. |
HMS Bulldog - Operation Primrose by Ivan Berryman. The Spring of 1941 saw the German U.110 damaged from previous attacks and, on 9th May, she was forced to the surface and surrender to HMS Bulldog. U.110 was carrying the top secret Enigma Machine and code book and her capture helped Bletchley Park codebreakers solve Reservehandverfahren, which was a reserve German hand cipher. U.110 was taken in tow but was deliberately sunk to prevent its capture being revealed to the enemy. |
The Pedestal Convoy - HMS Indomitable by Anthony Saunders. The Pedestal Convoy, to provide desperately needed supplies to the beleaguered Mediterranean island of Malta in August 1942, was perhaps one of the most famous and strategically important convoys of World War II. It had a powerful escort, including three aircraft carriers, one of which was HMS Indomitable. Closely escorted by the cruiser HMS Sirius, she came under heavy attack from both German and Italian bombers on the 12th of August 1942 and was eventually forced to turn back after bomb damage put her flight deck out of action. |
Atlantic Comrades by Ivan Berryman. The Scharnhorst is pictured in 1939 when she and her sister ship Gneisenau menacingly prowled the North Atlantic. She is shown at dawn as two type VII U-Boats glide towards her for a friendly rendezvous and to take on much needed supplies, as well as a few of the luxuries that the tiny u-boats were simply too small to carry. |
Neptune Engaged at the Battle of Trafalgar by F Sartorious. HMS Neptune is shown attacking the 130 gun Spanish ship Santisima Trinidad, and pounds it relentlessly into a floating wreck. All ships in the painting from left to right : Victory, Redoutable, Temeraire, Fogeux, Santissima Trinidad and Neptune are battling in the foreground, Bucentaure, Conqueror, Royal Sovereign and Santa Anna. |
Tokyo Bound by Nicolas Trudgian. On April 18, 1942, under the leadership of Lieutenant Colonel Jimmy Doolittle, a small force of B-25 Mitchell light bombers set forth on one of the most audacious air raids of World War II. Launching in a rough sea from the heaving deck of the carrier USS Hornet, the crews knew that even if they achieved success, they were not to return. Their mission to bomb Tokyo and other industrial targets some 800 miles distant would leave them barely enough fuel to fly on to crash-land in China. Nine aircraft were attacked by enemy fighters, every one made it to the target, all but one aircraft were lost. But the raid was a triumph. The Japanese High Command were so alarmed by the Americans ability to strike at their homeland they attempted to expand the perimeter of activity in the central and southern Pacific - with disastrous results. Lt. Col. Doolittle was awarded the Congressional Medal of Honor in recognition of the extraordinary feat he and his gallant crews performed. Miraculously most survived to fly and fight again later in the war, Jimmy Doolittle going on to command the Eighth Air Force in Europe at the time of the Normandy invasion. |
HMS Hermes - Under Leaden Skies by Ivan Berryman. Laid down as early as June 1944, HMS Hermes (R12) was not commissioned into the Royal Navy until 25th November 1959. This fine ship has enjoyed a long and varied career, perhaps its most notable role being that of flagship to the British Task Force that was sent to liberate the Falkland Islands following the Argentine invasion of 1982. She was decommissioned in 1984 and sold to the Indian Navy, whereupon she was renamed Viraat. Hermes is depicted here in stormy weather in the late 1970s before the Harrier 'ski jump' was added to her bow in readiness for the Falklands Campaign. |
Big Tailed Beast by Stan Stokes. On July 24, 1945, Air Group 87 on board the USS Ticonderoga was informed that the Hyuga, anchored off a small island near Kure, Japan, would be its target. The ship, a WW I vintage battleship which had been modernized in 1936, and later converted to part battleship and part sea plane tender, would be a formidable objective with its impressive firepower and the fact that its location would place the attackers in the line of fire of numerous shore batteries. The ship was 704 feet in length, displaced 39,000 tons, and carried a compliment of Aichi E16A1 Zuiun reconaissance aircraft which were code named Paul by the Allies. Lt Cdr. Kanaga would lead the squadrons Curtiss SB2C Helldivers on the attack. Each of the twelve Helldivers would carry a 1,000 pound bomb in the internal bomb bay, a 260 pound fragmentation bomb under one wing and a droppable wing tank under the other wing. The drop tank weighed substantially more than the 260 pounder so it was anticipated that the Helldivers might be a bit unstable on takeoff. The first aircraft launched, that of Lt. Al Matteson, went into a immediate hard right turn given the uneven wing loading, and hit the water hard. The other Helldivers managed to become airborne, and eventually joined up for the outbound leg of the mission. The plan was for the Helldivers to dive bomb the Hyuga while torpedo bombers made glide bombing attacks, as the water was too shallow for use of torpedoes. In Stan Stokes painting entitled Big Tailed Beast, an SB2C-4E piloted by Lt. H. Paul Brehm pulls out over its target. Anti-aircraft fire is fierce, and the Hyuga is partially obscured by the incredible amount of smoke being generated by its AA guns. Lt. Brehm has decided to make his dive without dive flaps, hoping to make himself a faster moving target for the Hyugas gunners. During Brehms dive, the SB2C of Lt. Vaughn, which was immediately in front of him, went straight down, crashing next to the Hyuga in a great splash of white foam. Brehm released his bomb and pulled out very low over the target. He momentarily blacked out, and his windscreen fogged over. Brehm and his gunner W. Tommy Thompson, could feel the jolt from their 1000 pounder as it scored a direct hit. Returning to their Task Force low on fuel and in bad weather, Brehm was forced to ditch his Helldiver, but he and Thompson were rescued within minutes by the USS Chauncey. The mission was successful, but was not without cost as more than half the attacking Helldivers failed to return safely. The Curtiss SB2C was the last combat aircraft produced by Curtiss-Wright for the US Navy. The aircraft entered service in late 1943 supplementing the Navys SBD Dauntless dive bomber force. More than 7,000 of these large single engine aircraft were produced, with the most widely produced variant being the SB2C-4. Helldivers were capable of carrying a 2,000 pound bomb load, and could also be modified to be used in the torpedo bombing role. Referred to as The Big Tailed Beast by many of its pilots, the Helldiver had a top speed approaching 280-MPH, but also had the reputation of being one of the most difficult carrier based aircraft to land. As a result, many of the Helldivers lost during the War were victims of landing accidents. |
Thermopylae by Ivan Berryman. Often described as the most beautiful of all the clippers, the Aberdeen White Star Line's Thermopylae was Cutty Sark's only true rival, the pair often racing each other home to Great Britain from the Far East. She was unusual in that her design opted for slightly shorter masts, while the span of her yards was increased to compensate, her vast mainsail having a drop of 40ft, carried on a yard that was 80ft wide. Launched in 1868 at Aberdeen, her fate was a scandal, this wonderful ship being sold to the Portuguese government who employed her briefly as a training ship before she was callously torpedoed and sunk for target practice by the Portuguese navy in December 1907. |
Assault from the Deep by Ivan Berryman. Sitting menacingly at a depth of 15 metres below the surface, just 2 km outside the heavily defended harbour of Alexandria, the Italian submarine Scire is shown releasing her three manned torpedoes, or Maiali, at the outset of their daring raid in which the British battleships HMS Queen Elizabeth and HMS Valiant and a tanker, were severely damaged on 3rd December 1941. All six crew members of the three Maiali survived the mission, but all were captured and taken prisoner. Luigi Durand de la Penne and Emilio Bianchi can be seen moving away aboard 221, whilst Vincenzo Martellotta and Mario Marino (222) carry out systems checks. Antonio Marceglia and Spartaco Schergat, on 223, are heading away at the top of the picture. |
Battle of Trafalgar by George Chambers. No text for this item |
HMS K17 by Ivan Berryman. K17 was one of the unusual K-class submarines operating in the Royal Navy in World War One. This class were unusual in that they were powered by steam while operating on the surface to allow them the speed to keep up with the fleet. They were also unusual in their notorious poor fortune, gaining the nickname 'Kalamity Class'. None of the class ever successfully engaged with the enemy, and yet 6 were lost in accidents, including K17. Known as the 'Battle of May Island', a series of unfortunate collisions between submarines and surface vessels in the misty darkness of 31st January - 1st February 1918 saw both submarines K4 and K17 sunk, with several other vessels damaged. From a crew of 56, just 9 men escaped from K17 and just 8 survived the freezing waters. Here, K17 is shown cruising on the surface with funnels up in 1917. |
Enter the Prince by Anthony Saunders HMS Prince of Wales enters Valetta harbour, Malta. |
Prelude to Taranto by Ivan Berryman. Prior to the British attack on the Italian battle fleet moored in Taranto Harbour in November 1940, the job of obtaining the very latest photo reconnaissance fell to the maverick pilot Adrian 'Warby' Warburton. Flying a requisitioned Martin Maryland, Warburton undertook a series of breathtakingly low level passes across the ships moored in the harbour, cheating a hail of anti aircraft fire and flak to bring home the vital information to Rear Admiral Lumley Lyster, the flag officer aboard HMS Illustrious. Ships shown moored in the Mar Grande here are Vittorio Veneto (nearest) and Littorio with Duilio and Giulio Cesare in the background. |
Farewell, Old Portsmouth by Ivan Berryman. One of the most iconic ships of all time and now beautifully restored to her 1805 condition at Portsmouth, Nelson's flagship at the Battle of Trafalgar, HMS Victory, is seen here departing Portsmouth Harbour with the frigate Euryalus. |
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